Three Numbers to Monitor Disease Outbreaks — Applying the Ô Operator to COVID-19

This research note applies the Ô operator (curl, helicity, balance) to COVID-19 daily new cases from Our World in Data. Six countries analysed. Balance consistently separates outbreak waves from inter-wave baseline (avg 2.51×). Brazil vs UK comparison reveals the separation ratio is driven by baseline quality, not outbreak intensity. Part of the Ô cross-domain measurement framework.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-07-17
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21416410
Primary Topic
COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Type
preprint
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preprint

Three Numbers to Monitor Disease Outbreaks — Applying the Ô Operator to COVID-19

DR (tygtDc)
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
COVID-19 epidemiological studies
preprint

Three Numbers to Monitor Disease Outbreaks — Applying the Ô Operator to COVID-19

DR (tygtDc)
preprint en

Abstract

This research note applies the Ô operator (curl, helicity, balance) to COVID-19 daily new cases from Our World in Data. Six countries analysed. Balance consistently separates outbreak waves from inter-wave baseline (avg 2.51×). Brazil vs UK comparison reveals the separation ratio is driven by baseline quality, not outbreak intensity. Part of the Ô cross-domain measurement framework.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Jewish Home (US)
COVID-19 epidemiological studies
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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Three Numbers to Monitor Disease Outbreaks — Applying the Ô Operator to COVID-19 — DR (tygtDc) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS