Higher Education for Sustainability—Intergenerational Comparative Analysis of the Perceptions of Students at the University of the Basque Country Regarding Socioecological Transitions

Higher education plays a crucial role in equipping citizens to tackle contemporary socio-ecological challenges. However, little research has examined how different generations of university students understand socioecological transitions, or the implications of these differences for sustainability education. This study compares the perceptions of older learners (aged 55–70) enrolled in the ‘Classrooms of Experience’ programme with those of undergraduate students (aged 18–28) from the Faculty of Economics and Business at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). Qualitative data were collected from approximately 250 participants during the 2023/24 and 2024/25 academic years. The data were analysed using the Grid Elaboration Method and the IRaMuTeQ (Version 0.8 Alpha 7) text analysis tool to identify semantic structures, symbolic associations and patterns of meaning across the two age groups. The findings reveal significant generational differences in understanding socioecological transitions. Older learners tend to frame transitions as regulated processes linked to institutional action, public policy, welfare, and quality of life. In contrast, younger students interpret socioecological transitions as responses to interconnected ecological and social crises, emphasising socioecological justice, responsibility, sustainability, and technological innovation as key drivers of transformation. These results suggest the coexistence of complementary yet distinct socioecological imaginaries within the university context. The study highlights the pedagogical value of intergenerational dialogue and learning in higher education. By bringing together diverse perspectives on sustainability, universities can promote more critical, reflective, and transformative educational processes that are capable of addressing the complex challenges of contemporary socioecological transitions.