Bio‐Based Piezoresistive Composites for Sustainable Sensing: Advances Toward Circular Economy Systems

ABSTRACT The rapid proliferation of electronic waste has sparked interest in bio‐based piezoresistive composites for sustainable sensing applications. This study connects materials science with circular‐economy principles to design, produce, and implement environmentally sustainable sensors. Bio‐derived feedstocks, such as cellulose, chitosan, alginate, and agricultural residues, substitute petroleum‐derived resources and facilitate regenerative product lifecycles. The combination of natural fibers, bio‐sourced conductive fillers, and sophisticated polymer matrices results in enhanced sensitivity, durability, biodegradability, and recyclability, with reduced carbon emissions. Sustainable processing methods and material tactics such as microstructural tailoring, interfacial engineering, and hierarchical structures improve performance. Exemplified applications encompass wearable health monitoring, intelligent textiles, structural health assessment, and environmental sensing. Life‐cycle assessments indicate reductions in global warming potential and enhanced circularity with feasible end‐of‐life solutions. Significant hurdles persist in aligning performance with traditional sensors, standardizing evaluations, and scaling manufacturing. Future directions highlight AI‐driven materials optimization, self‐healing capabilities, multifunctional designs, and alignment between policy and industry. The paper also consolidates advancements and provides a framework for the use of bio‐based piezoresistive composites in sustainable electronics.