Meta-Control: Self-Stabilizing Nonequilibrium Steady States in PID-Controlled Langevin Systems

Description : This paper addresses the fundamental instability of the integral term in PID-controlled non-equilibrium steady states — the "integral windup" problem — through a meta-control loop (κ) that simultaneously modulates three channels: curl injection damping, I-term leakage, and proportional boost. The meta-control loop is driven by a coarse-grained entropy production rate proxy, effectively completing a thermodynamic feedback mechanism. Numerical comparison demonstrates that the κ loop maintains stable NESS trajectories over 2×10^5 steps without divergence.Declaration: During the preparation of this work, the author used an AI language model to assist with mathematical formalization, code implementation, and manuscript refinement. After using this tool, the author reviewed and edited the content as needed and takes full responsibility for the final content.Keywords : meta-control, integral windup, entropy production rate, Langevin systems, anti-windup, steady state thermodynamics