Perceptions of Youth regarding COVID-19 Vaccination in the Mafikeng Subdistrict in North West Province of South Africa

Introduction In 2021, emergency vaccination programmes were implemented globally, including in South Africa, to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Despite these efforts, vaccine hesitancy remained prevalent, particularly among young people who expressed concerns about vaccine safety and effectiveness. This study aimed to explore and describe young people’s perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination and to identify strategies to improve vaccination uptake among youth in the Mafikeng subdistrict of the North West province. Methods A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and contextual research design was employed. Data were collected through focus group interviews with youth aged 18–34 years. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim to ensure credibility and dependability. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Ethical principles, including beneficence, justice, and respect for participants, were upheld throughout the study. Results Four major themes emerged, such as (1) perceptions related to reasons for COVID-19 vaccination; (2) perceptions regarding vaccine information; (3) perceptions of COVID-19 and vaccine-related risks; and (4) suggested strategies to encourage youth vaccination. Key findings indicated that fear of infection, concerns about side effects, exposure to misinformation (particularly via social media), and perceived lack of autonomy significantly influenced vaccine uptake. Discussion The findings suggest that vaccine hesitancy among youth is strongly influenced by misinformation, perceived risks, and limited engagement in decision-making processes. Addressing these concerns requires targeted health education, improved communication strategies, and youth-inclusive approaches that promote informed decision-making. Conclusion Youth perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination are shaped by concerns about safety, misinformation, and limited access to reliable information. Tailored health education initiatives, community outreach programmes, and the dissemination of accurate and accessible information are essential to enhance vaccination uptake among young people.