Can the DNS Root Be Made More Resilient? Introducing the Global Root Anchor Network (GRAN)

This paper introduces the Global Root Anchor Network (GRAN), a conceptual architecture designed to improve the resilience of the DNS Root Server System through decentralized cryptographically verified root mirrors, multi-orbit satellite-assisted distribution, zero-knowledge validation, multistakeholder governance, and AI-assisted threat-aware query steering. The work is intended to stimulate discussion within the Internet technical community regarding complementary approaches to strengthening critical Internet infrastructure while preserving the existing DNS Root Server System.