Chalk and Talk Method vs. Peer Learning: Its Effectiveness in Teaching Statistics

Abstract. This study compared the effectiveness of the Chalk and Talk Method and Peer Learning in teaching Statistics among first-year Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management students at Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology. Statistics is often regarded as a difficult subject because it requires students to apply mathematical concepts, interpret data, and develop analytical thinking skills. As a result, many students experience challenges in understanding statistical concepts and solving related problems. In response to these difficulties, the study aimed to determine which instructional method was more effective in improving students' academic performance and understanding of Statistics. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research design involving two intact classes. One group received instruction through the traditional Chalk-and-Talk Method, where the teacher delivered lessons primarily through lectures, explanations, and board work. The other group was taught using Peer Learning, an instructional approach that encourages students to work collaboratively, share ideas, and assist one another in understanding lessons and solving problems. Researcher-made pre-tests and post-tests consisting of multiple-choice questions on Measures of Central Tendency were administered to assess students' knowledge before and after the implementation of the teaching interventions. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test through IBM SPSS Statistics. The findings revealed that both instructional methods contributed to improvements in students' academic performance in Statistics. However, students who participated in Peer Learning demonstrated greater improvement in understanding statistical concepts and applying their knowledge compared to those who experienced the traditional Chalk-and-Talk Method. The study concludes that Peer Learning is a more effective strategy for teaching Statistics and may be adopted by educators to promote active participation, collaboration, critical thinking, and meaningful learning experiences in the classroom. Keywords: Chalk and Talk Method; Peer Learning; Pre-test; Post-test; Quasi-Experiment; Teaching Effectiveness