Heterogenous microglial reactivity contrasts with stable vascular transcriptional programs in mouse models of Alzheimer’s, CADASIL, and Traumatic Brain Injury
The extent to which the cerebrovasculature is affected in various brain disorders is still not well understood. To address this, we established a transcriptomic repository of major vascular cell types and microglia to compare the global transcriptomic response in mouse models of three human brain disorders linked to neuroinflammation and associated vascular reactivity: Alzheimer's disease (AD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Single-cell analysis of >250,000 cells at different disease stages led to identification of two previously unknown vascular cell subtypes, expanded the endothelial zonation spectrum and allowed for a detailed analysis of the cellular and molecular responses. Surprisingly, most vascular cell types lacked major transcriptomic changes across the three conditions, while microglia exhibited significant, disease-specific transcriptional changes. Notably, microglial responses converged between late-stage TBI and AD, offering insights into the predisposition for neurodegeneration following TBI.
Authors
- H. Li
- Urban Lendahl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9543-8141)
- Riikka Pietilä (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5526-5928)
- Michael Vanlandewijck (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0709-7808)
- Per Nilsson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6450-0870)
- Chrysoula Kalantzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-8073)
- Stina Syvänen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8196-4041)
- Lars Muhl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0952-0507)
- Richeng Jiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5184-4172)
- Maarja Andaloussi Mäe (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-4379)
- Eric Peter Thelin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2338-4364)
- Helena Karlström (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0498-2473)
- Katrine Dahl Bjørnholm (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6913-1012)
- S. Jin
- C. Lindblad
- M. Svensson
- W. Shao
- R. Torp
- F. Del Gaudio
- G. Mocci
- A. Fletcher-Sandersjöö
- S. A. J. Lesnik Oberstein
- J. Cheung
- S. B. Rao
- E. Vázquez-Liébanas
- E. Baldisseri
Institutions
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Uppsala University Hospital (SE)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- United Nations University – Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (NL)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2026-07-16
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75367-0
- Primary Topic
- Cerebrovascular and genetic disorders
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Karolinska Institutet