<p>The Effect of Coatings of Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Titanium Oxide, and Silica Nanoparticles on Improving the Shelf Life of Table Eggs Stored at Refrigeration Temperature</p>

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticle, and silica dioxide (SiO₂) coatings on the egg weight, interior egg quality, egg components and bacterial count of table eggs stored in refrigerator temperature (8°C). Two hundred and forty fresh eggs were divided into six treatment groups: T1 (control, uncoated), T2 (CMC-coated), T3 (SiO₂-coated), T4 (CMC + SiO₂-coated), T5 (TiO₂-coated), and T6 (CMC + TiO₂-coated). The eggs were evaluated during storage periods of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks to determine egg weight, interior egg quality, components percentages, and bacterial counts included total bacterial count and coliform bacterial count. The results showed that coatings containing SiO₂ (T3), CMC + SiO₂ (T4), TiO₂ (T5), and CMC + TiO₂ (T6) maintained superior egg quality including egg weight, Haugh Unit, yolk index, and optimal proportions of egg components. These treatments significantly outperformed coating with CMC alone (T2) and the uncoated control (T1), which showed the lowest values. Furthermore, bacterial analysis revealed a significant reduction in total bacterial count and coliform counts in the first day of coating and throughout storage periods, with T3 and T5 having the lowest bacterial counts, followed by T4 and T6. In contrast, T1 consistently recorded the highest bacterial counts. During storage, uncoated eggs (T1) showed rapid bacterial growth, whereas coated eggs, especially those treated with CMC + TiO₂ (T6) and CMC + SiO₂ (T4), maintained significantly lower bacterial counts. In conclusion, the use of CMC with TiO₂ or SiO₂ nanoparticles proved to be highly effective in improving egg weight, egg quality characteristics, and extending shelf life when stored at refrigerated temperature (8°C), representing a promising approach for table eggs preservation.