Research on the design of glasses-free 3D decorative effects on the surface of furniture panels

Purpose This study aims to propose a novel approach to address the high costs and complex processes of traditional glasses-free three-dimensional (3D) furniture decoration. It uses ultraviolet inkjet printing technology to achieve a glasses-free 3D decorative effect on furniture surfaces. Design/methodology/approach By leveraging the microlens array principle, transparent UV ink was printed onto a transparent substrate to simulate a micro-lens matrix. In contrast, a micrographic array was printed on a secondary substrate (or the reverse side of the transparent substrate). Their superposition generates autostereoscopic depth perception via the Moiré effect. Experimental validation compared two matrix arrangements: square-arranged (with circular or square textures) and hexagonal-arranged (with hexagonal or circular textures). Each was paired with micro-text arrays in an “A” pattern. Four furniture surface design concepts were ultimately implemented, incorporating floral motifs, traditional Chinese elements, Memphis-style patterns and gradient designs. Findings Results demonstrate that: Square-arranged matrices achieve optimal Moiré magnification at angles of 2–6°, with theoretical and experimental Moiré pattern period (M) deviations < 5 mm; Hexagonal textures outperform circular ones in image clarity and magnification efficacy; Square-textured matrices yield superior magnification quality versus circular equivalents. The printed furniture samples exhibited vibrant colors, distinct textures and dynamic 3D effects observable from multiple angles. Originality/value This study confirms the feasibility of using UV inkjet printing to create textured matrices, integrating glasses-free 3D effects into furniture panels. This approach enables cost-effective, glasses-free 3D furniture decoration, thereby expanding possibilities for personalized surface aesthetic design.