Adaptation and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Bicycle Rider Behaviour Questionnaire (BRBQ) and Its Associations with Personality Traits, Cycling Behaviours, and Traffic Crashes

This study conducted an initial psychometric evaluation of a translated and contextually refined Chinese-language version of the Bicycle Rider Behaviour Questionnaire (BRBQ) and examined its associations with personality traits, cycling behaviours measured by the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ), and self-reported traffic crashes. A total of 482 regular cyclists aged 18–60 years from four geographical regions of China were randomly divided into two subsamples (n = 241 each) for exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The analyses supported a 25-item, four-factor structure comprising traffic violations, notice failures, distracted behaviours, and control errors. Cronbach’s α coefficients ranged from 0.70 to 0.84. Average variance extracted values exceeded 0.50, and HTMT ratios were below the prespecified threshold, supporting convergent and discriminant validity. The BRBQ factors showed theoretically consistent associations with personality traits and CBQ dimensions. All four BRBQ factors were associated with retrospective crash outcomes in bivariate analyses, whereas only traffic violations remained independently associated with crash involvement after adjustment for demographic and cycling-exposure covariates. Overall, the findings provide preliminary psychometric evidence for the adapted Chinese-language BRBQ and support further independent validation.