SIGNIFICANCE OF AGNI IN GERIATRIC CARE AND LONGEVITY: AN AYURVEDIC AND INTEGRATIVE PERSPECTIVE

Ageing is a progressive biological phenomenon characterized by gradual decline in physiological reserve, digestive capacity, metabolic regulation, tissue repair, immune competence and adaptive resilience. In Ayurveda, geriatric health is primarily understood through the concepts of Jara, Vaya, Dhatu-kshaya, Ojas, Srotas, Rasayana and the functional integrity of Agni. Among these, Agni occupies a central position because it governs digestion, absorption, assimilation, tissue nourishment, strength, complexion, immunity, vitality and longevity. Classical Ayurvedic literature states that life, strength, health, nourishment, complexion, Ojas, Tejas and Prana are dependent upon the balanced state of Agni. In old age, natural predominance of Vata Dosha, depletion of Dhatus, reduced digestive capacity, irregular bowel habits, impaired tissue metabolism and susceptibility to chronic disorders indicate progressive weakening or irregularity of Agni. From an integrative perspective, Agni may be correlated with digestive competence, enzymatic activity, gut microbiota balance, mitochondrial bioenergetics, nutrient-sensing pathways, immune-metabolic regulation and inflammatory homeostasis. Disturbance of Agni results in improper formation of Ahara Rasa, accumulation of Ama, obstruction of Srotas, impaired tissue nutrition and acceleration of degenerative processes. Therefore, preservation of Agni is fundamental for healthy ageing, prevention of frailty, maintenance of immunity, effective Rasayana therapy and promotion of longevity. This article explores the significance of Agni in geriatric care and longevity with special reference to Ayurvedic principles and contemporary scientific understanding.