A three-dimensional agent-based model of microbial growth and electrochemical dynamics in a microbial Fuel cell

This record contains a preprint manuscript titled “3 dimensional GPU-accelerated agent-based modeling of microbial fuel cell dynamics.” The study presents a 3d GPU-accelerated agent-based modeling framework for simulating microbial fuel cell behavior at individual-cell resolution. The framework represents microbial cells as discrete agents in a three-dimensional physicochemical environment and couples agent-level substrate response, pH dependence, biofilm formation, extracellular electron-transfer assumptions, reaction–diffusion transport, and lumped electrochemical voltage calculation. This preprint is intended as a computational framework and proof-of-concept model for future extensions.