Understanding interaction between patients and nurse anesthetists. A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies

ABSTRACT Background: Interaction between healthcare professionals and patients is a complex process influenced by communication, environmental, individual, and organizational factors. Objective: To synthesize qualitative and quantitative evidence and identify key characteristics of effective interaction between patients and nurse anesthetists during the perioperative period. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify qualitative and quantitative studies examining factors influencing interaction between patients and nurse anesthetists in the perioperative setting. Results: Both facilitators and barriers to effective interaction were identified. Facilitators included respectful, patient-centered care, a supportive work environment, and clear, timely communication. Barriers included negative staff attitudes, procedural stress, interpersonal conflicts, exposure to violence, and communication challenges such as low speech volume, unclear articulation, and limited language proficiency. Effective communication was associated with improved patient safety, enhanced team cohesion, and more efficient information exchange. However, increased reliance on advanced technology may reduce patient engagement and interpersonal communication within the healthcare team. Conclusion: Nurse anesthetists play a critical role in supporting patients during potentially stressful perioperative experiences. Organizational factors, time constraints, and communication strategies may influence the quality of patient–provider interaction. Further research is needed to determine how these factors can be optimized to improve perioperative care and patient outcomes.