Dynamic Heterogeneity Characterization of Turbidite Reservoirs and Its Implications for <scp> CO ₂ </scp> Flooding Efficiency

ABSTRACT Improving the recovery efficiency of residual oil has become a major challenge in petroleum development. This is primarily due to the significant impact of reservoir heterogeneity on displacement efficiency, while traditional static characterization methods are inadequate for capturing its dynamic evolution over time during production. To address this, a dynamic reservoir heterogeneity characterization system is established in this study. It integrates the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient from economics with conventional parameters such as range, tonguing factor, and coefficient of variation. This multi‐indicator dynamic evaluation framework enables continuous tracking of heterogeneity evolution. Analysis of nearly 30 years of production data from the study area verifies the effectiveness of this system and identifies a critical pressure threshold of 30–40 MPa. Below this threshold, reservoir heterogeneity intensifies, underscoring the importance of pressure stability for maintaining displacement efficiency. The study clarifies that the stress sensitivity effect is a key mechanism driving the exacerbation of heterogeneity. These findings provide significant guidance for preventing the aggravation of reservoir heterogeneity, controlling the formation of preferential flow channels, optimizing oilfield management, and enhancing the efficiency of displacement processes.