Dimensional repeatability in additive manufacturing: assessment and design implications

ABSTRACT: This study evaluates the repeatability of print results in FDM through tests made with a generatively designed robotic limb. Five specimen were printed in two build orientations each with the same other process parameters. Deviations were measured via 3D scanning and CMM on both outer surfaces and functional features. Measured deviations exhibit small mean values and a clear orientation-dependent variability. As findings highlight deterministic effects in the propagation of deviations, design guidelines to improve repeatability of 3D prints are formulated as a result.