Triboelectric nanogenerators for vehicle intelligent cockpits

Abstract As automobiles evolve into mobile intelligent terminals and the “third living space,” the intelligent cockpit has become a critical platform for automotive intelligence, covering three core functional dimensions: driver state monitoring, vehicle state monitoring, and human‐vehicle interaction. However, conventional active sensing systems for intelligent cockpits still face several challenges, such as dependence on external power supplies, complex wiring for distributed sensing, and difficulties in conformal integration with flexible, curved, and multifunctional sensing interfaces. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), featuring self‐powered operation, high sensitivity, structural flexibility, and material diversity, show great potential for intelligent cockpit applications. This review article systematically summarizes the latest research progress of TENGs in automotive intelligent cockpits, sorts out structural designs, working principles, and performance characteristics around the three core dimensions, analyzes key industrialization challenges, and prospects future development directions, to provide a systematic reference for related research and engineering implementation.