Designing reuse models for clinical trial packaging to stimulate the transition towards a circular economy

ABSTRACT: This study explores how designing reuse models for clinical trial packaging can stimulate circular transitions in healthcare logistics. Using a Design Inclusive Research approach, four reuse models were explored, developed and evaluated through a Product-Service System lens together with stakeholders from the value chain. Findings underline the complexity of implementing RPSs in the clinical trial context. Implementing circular solutions therefore demands an added design layer focused on quality assurance, along with new protocols, digitalisation, partnerships, scale, and standardization.