Cluster typologies of urban mobility users and their implications for the acceptance of autonomous buses: evidence from a large-scale online survey

ABSTRACT: This paper addresses the lack of empirically grounded user typologies for understanding acceptance of autonomous buses in the Munich Metropolitan Area. We close this gap through a large-scale online survey and a clustering approach based on mobility preferences and subjective expected utility. The results identify five distinct clusters of users with varying acceptance levels, showing that successful autonomous bus adoption requires tailored communication, service design, and integration strategies.