Mineral Potential in the Vindhyan Supergroup: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities

ABSTRACT The metallogenic epochs evident in the Vindhyan Supergroup (VSG) are comparable to those of other Mesoproterozoic basins in the country. Recent advances in geological, geophysical, and geochemical fields have led to numerous discoveries over the past twenty years of exploration in the Vindhyan Basin (VB). The 200km-long Panna Diamond Belt (PDB) has revealed new Clans of Kimberlite Rocks (CKRs) within the Kaimur Group, as well as secondary diamond deposits found in the palaeo-placers and Quaternary sediments of the Rewa Group. In addition, uranium-bearing horizons associated with organic and carbonaceous matter in the Kaimur Group, arsenopyrite-associated gold in porcellanite, and placer gold at the base of the VSG have been identified. Rich glauconitic beds occur in the Semri and Rewa groups, whereas vanadium, titanium, and gallium are present in bauxite within the Kaimur and Rewa groups. New gas and oil-producing fields in the Semri and Kaimur groups present immense opportunities for the economic development of the area. However, the challenge lies in transforming these areas into productive centres. Geological models for exploration have been prepared and are expected to yield positive outcomes with new governmental support. The beneficiation of low-grade ore poses a significant challenge but offers substantial opportunities for the non-diamond mineral sector within VB. This paper discusses the known and recently discovered mineral occurrences and deposits, genetic aspects, current exploration status, challenges, and opportunities for mineral development in the VB.