Development and Psychometric Validation of an Intercultural Mediation Questionnaire for Law Enforcement Personnel in Spanish Border Regions

This study aimed to develop and validate a psychometric instrument to assess intercultural mediation among public employees of security forces in Spanish border contexts (CMIEPFS). An initial pool of 42 items was created and refined through expert judgment, resulting in a final 38-item questionnaire. The instrument was administered to two independent samples (n = 426 for exploratory factor analysis; n = 512 for confirmatory factor analysis). Construct validity was examined using structural equation modeling, and reliability was assessed through Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Pearson correlation. Results supported a three-factor structure: (1) acceptance of intercultural environments, (2) intercultural competences in the workplace, and (3) training in intercultural mediation. Exploratory factor analysis indicated adequate sampling adequacy (KMO = 0.916) and a significant Bartlett’s test (p < 0.001), explaining 63.08% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable model fit (RMSEA = 0.07). Internal consistency was high (α = 0.91), and test–retest reliability was satisfactory (ICC = 0.82; r = 0.84, p < 0.001). The instrument shows adequate validity and reliability for assessing intercultural mediation in public security personnel. It provides a useful tool for research, training evaluation, and institutional diagnosis in multicultural professional contexts.