Lipid Abnormalities as Predictors of Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Background: Dyslipidemia frequently coexists with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and may influence glycemic status.This study evaluated lipid abnormalities as predictors of glycemic control in T2DM patients. Materials and methods:This cross-sectional study included 220 adults with T2DM.Clinical details and biochemical parameters, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting lipid profile, were assessed.Glycemic control was categorized as good (HbA1c < 7%) or poor (≥7%).Statistical analysis included group comparisons, Pearson's correlation, and multivariate logistic regression.Results: The mean age was 54.2 ± 10.8 years, with 57.3% males.Poor glycemic control was observed in 60.0% of patients.Patients with poor control had significantly higher total cholesterol (TC) (212.8 ± 38.7 vs 178.6 ± 32.4 mg/dL), triglycerides (TG) (196.3 ± 58.9 vs 142.5 ± 46.2 mg/dL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (132.4 ± 34.1 vs 102.7 ± 28.6 mg/dL), as well as lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (38.6 ± 7.9 vs 44.8 ± 8.5 mg/dL) (p < 0.001).Dyslipidemia was common, particularly low HDL-C (66.4%) and elevated TG (62.7%).Glycated hemoglobin showed positive correlations with TC (r = 0.42), TG (r = 0.48), and LDL-C (r = 0.39), and a negative correlation with HDL-C (r = -0.36)(p < 0.001).Elevated TG [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.34], low HDL-C (AOR: 2.08), elevated TC (AOR: 1.82), elevated LDL-C (AOR: 1.76), and diabetes duration of >5 years (AOR: 1.69) were independent predictors of poor glycemic control.Conclusion: Lipid abnormalities, particularly hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C, are significant predictors of poor glycemic control in T2DM.Routine lipid monitoring may aid in comprehensive metabolic management.