Olfactory Cilia as Hydration-Microtubule Antennas: A Geometric-Temporal Interface Hypothesis Linking Water Clusters, Microtubule Ends, Mucus, Temperature, and Odorant Readability

This Zenodo preprint proposes a research-only geometric-temporal interface hypothesis: olfactory cilia may operate not merely as passive carriers of receptor proteins, but as hydration-microtubule antennas in which odorant molecules are first translated into local water-cluster, ion, mucus, and membrane states before the canonical electrical olfactory cascade is produced. The established biological layer is not rejected: odorants dissolve into nasal mucus, olfactory receptors are localized on the ciliary membrane of olfactory sensory neurons, and receptor activation initiates a cAMP/CNG/Ca²⁺/Cl⁻ transduction pathway. The new hypothesis is that an earlier perireceptor layer exists: the odorant is not read as a naked molecule, but as a hydrated odorant packet consisting of the odorant, its hydration shell, local ions, mucus proteins, and transient water-cluster motifs. The tip and shaft of the cilium, supported by a microtubule axoneme, may convert this hydration state into receptor gating, membrane organization, local field changes, proton/dipole dynamics, and finally neuronal output. The hypothesis is framed as a mechanism of possibility and a test program, not as a proven replacement for standard olfactory biology. It predicts that temperature, humidity, mucus thickness, water activity, ion composition, odorant solubility, ciliary integrity, and microtubule post-translational state should modulate odorant readability in systematic, experimentally testable ways.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-07-02
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21114753
Primary Topic
Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
Type
preprint
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preprint

Olfactory Cilia as Hydration-Microtubule Antennas: A Geometric-Temporal Interface Hypothesis Linking Water Clusters, Microtubule Ends, Mucus, Temperature, and Odorant Readability

Alexandar Balevsky, Krasimira Ivanova
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
preprint

Olfactory Cilia as Hydration-Microtubule Antennas: A Geometric-Temporal Interface Hypothesis Linking Water Clusters, Microtubule Ends, Mucus, Temperature, and Odorant Readability

Alexandar Balevsky, Krasimira Ivanova
preprint en

Abstract

This Zenodo preprint proposes a research-only geometric-temporal interface hypothesis: olfactory cilia may operate not merely as passive carriers of receptor proteins, but as hydration-microtubule antennas in which odorant molecules are first translated into local water-cluster, ion, mucus, and membrane states before the canonical electrical olfactory cascade is produced. The established biological layer is not rejected: odorants dissolve into nasal mucus, olfactory receptors are localized on the ciliary membrane of olfactory sensory neurons, and receptor activation initiates a cAMP/CNG/Ca²⁺/Cl⁻ transduction pathway. The new hypothesis is that an earlier perireceptor layer exists: the odorant is not read as a naked molecule, but as a hydrated odorant packet consisting of the odorant, its hydration shell, local ions, mucus proteins, and transient water-cluster motifs. The tip and shaft of the cilium, supported by a microtubule axoneme, may convert this hydration state into receptor gating, membrane organization, local field changes, proton/dipole dynamics, and finally neuronal output. The hypothesis is framed as a mechanism of possibility and a test program, not as a proven replacement for standard olfactory biology. It predicts that temperature, humidity, mucus thickness, water activity, ion composition, odorant solubility, ciliary integrity, and microtubule post-translational state should modulate odorant readability in systematic, experimentally testable ways.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Luminex (United States) (US), Technical University of Sofia (BG)
Clean water and sanitation
Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
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Olfactory Cilia as Hydration-Microtubule Antennas: A Geometric-Temporal Interface Hypothesis Linking Water Clusters, Microtubule Ends, Mucus, Temperature, and Odorant Readability — Alexandar Balevsky, Krasimira Ivanova · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS