Occupational stress, coping strategies, and associated factors among police personnel: A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Background: Occupational stress is a significant public health concern among police personnel. They face unique challenges, including long working hours, crisis management, and public scrutiny, which can lead to adverse health outcomes. Aim: To assess occupational stress, its associated factors, and coping mechanisms among police personnel in this region. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 212 police personnel of Tirupathi and Chittoor districts using a cluster sampling method. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire comprising the PHQ-15, Operational Police Stress Questionnaire, and Brief COPE scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21, with Chi-square tests applied to determine associations ( P < 0.05 considered significant). Results: The study found that 55.19% of police personnel experienced high occupational stress. This stress was not uniform across the force, with significant associations observed between stress and various factors, including age, rank, years of service, job satisfaction, and physical health symptoms. Younger officers, those with less experience, and police constables exhibited higher stress levels. Problem-focused coping was the predominant strategy (37.41%), followed by emotional (32.93%) and avoidant coping (29.65%). Chronic health conditions were reported by 30.19% of participants, and substance use was noted in 25.47%. Conclusion: The high levels of occupational stress among police personnel underscore the urgent need for targeted stress management programs, improved workplace policies, and enhanced mental health support systems. These measures are crucial for fostering resilience and well-being among law enforcement professionals.