Mitigating Dissolution and Kinetics Limitations in Aqueous Zinc‐Organic Batteries via a Conjugated Scaffold Integrated With Stable Nitroxyl Radicals

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries employing organic cathodes hold promise for grid‐scale energy storage, yet they are frequently hindered by active material dissolution and slow reaction kinetics. Herein, we report a bipolar organic cathode, HATN‐T, designed by integrating stable nitroxyl radicals into a conjugated hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATN) scaffold. This claw‐shaped molecular design features multiple redox‐active centers (C═O, C═N, and N–O•) to facilitate reversible multi‐ion (Zn 2+ , H + , and ClO 4 − ) storage. As a cathode, HATN‐T delivers a high specific capacity (316 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 ), exceptional rate performance (260 mAh g −1 at 10 A g −1 ), and robust cycling stability (79% retention after 5000 cycles). Mechanistic studies reveal that the charge storage is dominated by capacitance, originating from the synergistic redox activity of the integrated functional groups. Notably, the reversible formation of a zinc hydroxychloride byproduct acts as a chemical buffer, confirming a proton‐coupled mechanism that underpins the electrode’s exceptional reversibility. This work establishes a generalizable design strategy for merging stable radicals with conjugated scaffolds to create high‐performance organic electrodes for sustainable energy storage.

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Journal
ChemSusChem
Published
2026-06-30
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.70841
Primary Topic
Advanced battery technologies research
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Mitigating Dissolution and Kinetics Limitations in Aqueous Zinc‐Organic Batteries via a Conjugated Scaffold Integrated With Stable Nitroxyl Radicals

W B Wang, Yiming Zhao, Bin Feng, Yilin Zhao et al.
ChemSusChem
Advanced battery technologies research
article

Mitigating Dissolution and Kinetics Limitations in Aqueous Zinc‐Organic Batteries via a Conjugated Scaffold Integrated With Stable Nitroxyl Radicals

W B Wang, Yiming Zhao, Bin Feng, Yilin Zhao, Long Huang, Aimin Ge, Qing‐Yun Guo
article en

Abstract

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries employing organic cathodes hold promise for grid‐scale energy storage, yet they are frequently hindered by active material dissolution and slow reaction kinetics. Herein, we report a bipolar organic cathode, HATN‐T, designed by integrating stable nitroxyl radicals into a conjugated hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATN) scaffold. This claw‐shaped molecular design features multiple redox‐active centers (C═O, C═N, and N–O•) to facilitate reversible multi‐ion (Zn 2+ , H + , and ClO 4 − ) storage. As a cathode, HATN‐T delivers a high specific capacity (316 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 ), exceptional rate performance (260 mAh g −1 at 10 A g −1 ), and robust cycling stability (79% retention after 5000 cycles). Mechanistic studies reveal that the charge storage is dominated by capacitance, originating from the synergistic redox activity of the integrated functional groups. Notably, the reversible formation of a zinc hydroxychloride byproduct acts as a chemical buffer, confirming a proton‐coupled mechanism that underpins the electrode’s exceptional reversibility. This work establishes a generalizable design strategy for merging stable radicals with conjugated scaffolds to create high‐performance organic electrodes for sustainable energy storage.

ChemSusChemVol. 19(13)
Donghua University (CN)
Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
Openalex Percentile: Top 12%
Advanced battery technologies research
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Mitigating Dissolution and Kinetics Limitations in Aqueous Zinc‐Organic Batteries via a Conjugated Scaffold Integrated With Stable Nitroxyl Radicals — W B Wang, Yiming Zhao, et al. · ChemSusChem (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS