Simulation and Experiment on the Performance Evolution of Silicone Sealant for Hidden Frame Glass Curtain Wall

Silicone structural sealant is a key material in glass curtain wall systems, for which an appropriate hyperelastic constitutive model is essential for enhancing the accuracy of finite element analysis (FEA). Firstly, an improved comprehensive fixture of silicone structural sealants for tensile and shear tests was conducted. Secondly, the hyperelastic constitutive model was selected to fit data through experiments, which was comprehensively evaluated using three indicators, such as goodness of fit, root mean square error, and relative deviation. Thirdly, this constitutive model was utilized for FEA validation under uniaxial tensile and shear conditions, the Mooney–Rivlin 3 (M-R3) model demonstrated optimal fitting performance. Finally, the mechanical response of the glass curtain wall under wind load was systematically analyzed under various debonding scenarios. This study reveals the failure evolution law of silicone structural sealant under actual service conditions, providing practical guidance for enhancing the safety design of glass curtain wall structures.