A systematic review of mental health training programmes for community-based volunteers to inform youth volunteers module development

INTRODUCTION: Mental health disorders are a major problem globally, particularly among vulnerable groups such as youth. In resource-limited settings, community health volunteers (CHVs), including youth volunteers, play a crucial role in mental health promotion, stigma reduction, early identification of distress and referral to formal services. However, evidence on training components and delivery strategies of mental health training programmes for youth CHVs remains limited. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review following PRISMA guidelines aims to identify the key components, delivery strategies and reported outcomes of mental health training programmes for youth CHVs, in order to inform future module development to enhance volunteers' motivation, self-efficacy, knowledge and communication skills. METHODS: English articles published between 2010 and 2024 were searched through PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Eligibility criteria included mental health training interventions for non-professional community volunteers, including youth volunteers with measurable outcomes. Data were extracted and quality assessment performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). RESULT: Seven studies were included in this review. Training content focusing on mental health literacy, building communication and counselling skills, stigma reduction and mental health promotion demonstrated the most significant improvement in CHV's knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy. Programs adapting interactive strategies of role-playing, case studies and group discussion, combined with classroom teaching methods were significantly effective as well. Participants expressed greater confidence in handling mental health disorders within their communities. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, training programmes that prioritise mental health literacy, stigma reduction, supportive communication, self-care and help-seeking behaviour skill, implemented through interactive delivery methods are the most effective. The findings are essential for the future development of training module for youth CHVs to empower and enhance their capability to deliver effective mental health care within their community. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CRD42024562221 (PROSPERO).