Visual Evoked Potentials and Clinical Progress in ADHD: A Three-Month Follow-Up Study

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a 3-month treatment intervention in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and to investigate the potential of Visual Evoked Potentials (VEP) as objective neurophysiological biomarkers for monitoring treatment response. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two children (aged 6-12 years) newly diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-5 criteria were included. Clinical symptoms were assessed at baseline and after 3 months of treatment using the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale, Conners’ Teacher Rating Scale, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Neurophysiological assessment was performed using VEP to measure N75, P100, and N145 latencies and amplitudes. The relationship between changes in clinical scores and VEP parameters was analyzed. Results: Post-treatment scores showed significant improvements across all clinical scales (p < 0.05). While mean VEP latencies did not show a statistically significant change at the group level (p > 0.05), a significant correlation was found between clinical recovery and the shortening of P100 latency in the right eye (r=-0.549, p=0.008). Although the relationship between the change in left eye P100 latency and clinical recovery did not reach statistical significance, it demonstrated a similar trend to that of the right eye (r=-0.392, p=0.088). Conclusion: Although 3 months of treatment may be insufficient to induce significant group-level neurophysiological shifts, the correlation between clinical improvement and P100 latency shortening suggests that VEP parameters may serve as individualized biomarkers for monitoring treatment response. These findings underscore the potential of integrating objective electrophysiological measures with behavioral assessments to enhance personalized management in ADHD.