Resource Productivity and Economic Resilience in OECD Economies: Evidence from Second-Generation Panel Estimation

Growing concerns regarding resource efficiency, economic uncertainty, and energy-market volatility have renewed interest in the relationship between material-use patterns and macroeconomic stability. Recent global disruptions affecting production systems and economic activity have intensified policy attention toward sustainable resource management and resilience-oriented growth strategies. Using an unbalanced panel of 30 OECD economies over the period 1995–2024, this study examines the relationship between resource productivity and economic resilience while accounting for material-use intensity and structural conditions. The empirical framework relies on second-generation panel econometric techniques that account for cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneous country dynamics. The findings indicate that resource productivity is positively associated with economic resilience, with a 1% increase in resource productivity corresponding to an approximately 0.18% increase in resilience. By contrast, domestic material consumption and material footprint display negative associations with resilience, suggesting that resource-intensive production and consumption patterns may be linked to lower adaptive capacity and macroeconomic stability. The short-run estimates additionally indicate the persistence of adjustment dynamics following economic disturbances. These findings highlight the relevance of resource-use efficiency for macroeconomic resilience and sustainable resource-management strategies in OECD economies.