Post-homicide experiences of African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) survivors of homicide victims: Policy recommendations and lessons learned

This qualitative study explores the service needs and systemic gaps experienced by African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) survivors of homicide victims in Ontario, Canada, where homicide rates have steadily risen over the past two decades, particularly among racialized populations. Through 51 interviews in five high-homicide regions, findings reveal that current victim services inadequately meet the needs of ACB survivors due to limited funding, culturally insensitive approaches, and harmful interactions with the police. Thematic analysis identified three key domains: Barriers to Accessing Support, Police Response, and Representation Matters. These domains underscore the importance of trauma-informed, culturally responsive care and the need for greater ACB representation in service delivery. The study offers concrete policy recommendations aimed at improving access, enhancing accountability in law enforcement interactions, and expanding long-term, community-based support for ACB survivors. These findings inform urgent policy reforms to ensure equity and justice in the post-homicide service landscape.