Polarization-sensitive metasurfaces for tunable structural colors with HSB control

Plasmonic metasurfaces can achieve static structural colors with high resolution, high efficiency, high saturation, and a wide color gamut. Integrating phase change materials and electro-optical components into metasurfaces can further achieve dynamically adjustable structural colors. However, it remains challenging to build a platform with independent control of the basic structural color attributes [HSB (hue, saturation, and brightness)] and dynamic polarization response. Here, we demonstrate a plasmonic metasurface based on an anisotropic Al nanopillar array and achieve independent control over the hue, saturation, and brightness of the structural colors through the geometric parameters of the nanopillar array. It is also shown that dynamic color adjustability can be achieved by adjusting the angles of the polarizer and the analyzer. Our scheme provides a simple method for achieving three-dimensional HSB color control and polarization-driven dynamic response in structural colors. This greatly enhances the information capacity and flexibility of optical metasurfaces in fields such as high-density displays and optical encryption.