A comprehensive assessment of the framework of advances in the sustainable feedstock production of industrially important green seaweed Ulva (Chlorophyta)

Green macroalgae, prominently represented by the Ulvophyceae group within the Chlorophyceae, hold a significant presence in marine and brackish coastal ecosystems. Among these, Ulva has widespread distribution and its species are the most conspicuous part of coastal benthic communities. The emerging multifarious applications of its biomass in the domain of animal and fish feed, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and cosmeceuticals have been reported. Further, the integrated process of recovery of dietary protein along with other value-added compounds such as mineral-rich seaweed sap, total lipid, ulvan, and cellulose by adopting a bio-refinery model has generated considerable interest in bio-based industries for augmenting biomass. Despite this, assessment of the framework of advances in sustainable biomass production has largely remained an underexplored subject in scientific reviews. We have provided research integration and synthesis of extensive, relevant, and multiple global studies to sufficiently cover the depth and breadth of the core subject. The continuous technical and scientific advancements in the crucial and emerging fields are presented. Further, the specific role and relevance of this technology for achieving sustainable development goals is also highlighted. This critical assessment would aid in significantly improving methodological breakthroughs and bringing conceptual innovations in the domain of sustainable biomass production of Ulva . The key recommendations presented here are complementary and implementation of these would increase the efficiency, and value of the emerging, resilient, scalable, and sustainable aquaculture industry targeting green seaweed Ulva .