Assessment and Association of Liver Marker Enzymes in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to assess the abnormalities of liver function tests (LFTs) [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] among patients with T2DM.The most common markers indicating liver injuries, such as AST, ALT, and ALP, have been recognized as effective measures for NAFLD, which is associated with hepatic insulin resistance 8 and the risk of T2DM. 9 There is limited IntroductIonThe most common noncommunicable disease in the world is diabetes mellitus.It is increasing at an alarming rate and affecting a large population of all ages. [1][2]2][3] It is a syndrome involving impaired carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism, caused by either decreased insulin production or decreased insulin receptor sensitivity.Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the main causes of death worldwide.According to reports by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), approximately 1 in 11 adults is affected by diabetes mellitus globally. 4Diabetes mellitus is not restricted to a single organ; rather, it affects most of the systems of the body, including the liver.The liver is a vital organ that plays a crucial role in regulating carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolism in the body. 5he liver is primarily associated with carbohydrate metabolism and plays a key role in the maintenance of normal blood glucose levels (glucose homeostasis). 6t remains unclear how exactly diabetes mellitus causes changes in liver biomarkers.Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver, which can be triggered by diabetes as a possible explanation.Other potential factors for inconsistencies in liver biomarkers among patients with metabolic syndrome, such as diabetes mellitus, include a greater susceptibility to liver inflammation, which impacts liver function. 7