Investigation of the effects of different design scenarios of Hasan Pasha Han courtyard on the microclimate using ENVI-met analysis

The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between different planting design applications and microclimate values in the example of a traditional Turkish courtyard garden in the city of Diyarbakır, where the temperature values are very high in summer. As a result of the Envi-Met analysis, different temperature values ​​were determined as a result of the current situation of the courtyard and the Envi-Met analysis of 4 different plant design scenarios for the courtyard. The current temperature of the courtyard (39,40 °C) was reduced by various plant design scenarios, which contributed to the microclimate of the courtyard. Better results were obtained from 4 different scenarios used than the planting design S1 and 2. It was determined that the courtyard temperature decreased to 30,40 °C (24%) with an average decrease of 9 °C in S1 (25% covered with plants) where only grass surface was used and S2 (40% covered with plants) where grass surface and trees were used. In S3 (50% covered with plants) and S4 (60% covered with plants), where more top-branching trees were used, there was no significant decrease in temperature values. However, it was determined that there was a temperature drop of 10% in S3 and 11% in S4 compared to the current situation. It is thought that this may be due to the cooling effect of the wind is reduced by blocking the wind movements inside the courtyard of trees that branch heavily from the top. In the study, it was concluded that planting designs to be made in courtyard gardens have a positive effect on the microclimate of the area, but planting designs that prevent wind movements particularly should be avoided.