Electric Field Conversion and Its Validation Using Time-Domain Response of Wideband Antenna to Radiated Electric Field due to Collision ESD

An electric-field conversion method is presented that uses the measured waveform of the time-domain response of an over-10-GHz wideband folded long-hexagon (FLH) antenna to radiation generated by collision-type electrostatic discharge (ESD) between metal spheres charged to 900 V. In this method, the antenna factor is defined as the ratio of the theoretical peak value of the radiated electric field, which is derived from the Rompe-Weizel spark-resistance law and the estimated breakdown potential gradient from the normalized antenna response, to the peak value of the measured antenna response. To validate the proposed conversion procedure, the reconstructed radiated-field waveform is compared with a previously measured waveform of the radiated electric-field due to a 600 V collision ESD using an optical electric-field sensor. The breakdown potential gradient and spark length estimated during the conversion process are also plotted on the Paschen curve to examine their consistency with known voltage-dependent behavior. This comparison provides additional verification of the physical validity of the proposed conversion method.