Mitral valve dysplasia associated with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy and papillary muscle hypertrophy: a case report

Mitral valve dysplasia is a rare congenital etiology of primary mitral valve regurgitation. It can cause severe chronic mitral regurgitation, which may eventually lead to left atrial and ventricular dilation and dysfunction. Left ventricular non-compaction is a relatively rare cardiomyopathy that overlaps with hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy. It can also lead to left or right ventricular dysfunction and failure. Papillary muscle hypertrophy may be a subtype of, or an early expression of, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Herein, we present a 42-year-old woman with a rare coexistence of mitral valve dysplasia, non-compaction left ventricular cardiomyopathy, and papillary muscle hypertrophy.