Analyzing Barriers to BIM and AI Integration in Construction Management: A Mixed-Methods Approach

Building information modeling (BIM) and artificial intelligence (AI), through their deep integration, are ushering in a new era for the construction industry. However, due to insufficient practical experience and exploration, construction companies still face significant challenges when adopting integrated BIM and AI technologies. This study aims to explore the integration of BIM and AI in depth by identifying and analyzing key barriers. Through systematic literature review and expert consultation, 16 major obstacles were identified. On this basis, a radial basis function neural network-enhanced weighted-influence non-linear gauge system (RBF-WINGS) model was constructed to calculate the weights of each barrier and deconstruct its non-linear interaction structure. The results indicate that data-related factors constitute the core category of barriers, while organizational culture and technological factors are the key secondary barriers. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of China’s construction industry and serves as a decision-making reference for government departments.