Numerical investigation of Al ₂ O ₃ -ethylene glycol-water nanofluid and Saffman dusty fluid in a horizontal duct with heat transfer using radial basis function method

Entropy generation is crucial in optimizing fluid flow processes, particularly in minimizing energy loss during heat transfer. Despite its importance, limited work has been done on the optimization of entropy and heat transfer in immiscible fluid flow systems, such as those used in enhanced oil recovery. This paper presents a scientific investigation of the time-dependent, generalized flow of two immiscible fluids focusing on the intricate behavior of Al2O3-EG-water nanofluid and Saffman dusty fluid through a horizontal duct. The analysis incorporates a system of coupled partial differential equations and a Radial Basis Function Pseudospectral method to approximate the derivatives velocity and temperature vectors. This study further addresses the knowledge gap in immiscible fluid flow systems by incorporating magnetic field effects, viscous dissipation, and entropy generation. The outcomes of this study have scientific implications, shedding light on heat transfer mechanisms and entropy generation in complex flow configurations. The investigation reveals that the presence of Al2O3 nanoparticles in the lower zone of the duct significantly enhances heat transfer compared to base fluids. The nanofluid exhibits improved convective heat transfer coefficients, leading to more efficient heat transfer processes.