THE USE OF SPLINT THERAPY FOR TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS AND BRUXISM. A COMPARISON OF CLINICAL GUIDELINES IN RUSSIA AND THE UNITED KINGDOM

The relevance of the topic is determined by the necessity to improve treatment methods for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunctions, which can lead to deviations in the functioning of the dentition and the musculoskeletal system. Splint therapy is one of the most common methods used to reduce the severity of symptoms of the discussed conditions, restore normal TMJ function, decrease the risks of dysfunction progression, and increase the lifespan of human teeth. Several types of splint designs exist, depending on their function and the design of the occlusal surface. To select the most suitable type in each specific case, an understanding of the mechanisms of TMJ pathologies and the principles of operation of the investigated splint designs is required. A comparative approach to clinical guidelines from different countries allows for the identification of significant differences in the application of the discussed method, which is necessary for further enhancing the effectiveness of splint therapy. Materials and Methods. The study employed a comparative analysis method to examine clinical guidelines for the treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, developed by physicians from Russia and the United Kingdom. The clinical guidelines "Pain Dysfunction Syndrome of the Temporomandibular Joint [Costen's Syndrome]" from 2022 and "Management of painful Temporomandibular disorder in adults" from 2025 were reviewed. This methodological approach ensured an objective assessment of similarities and differences in the recommendations. Differences were identified in splint placement, fabrication materials, treatment stages, and time of day for wearing. The obtained results can assist dental prosthetists, gnathologists, and maxillofacial surgeons from different countries in improving the effectiveness of splint therapy as both a primary and adjunctive treatment method.