Flashing Effects on Pointing Selection in Virtual Reality

Target selection in VR often involves flashing effects (e.g., explosions), yet their impact remains unclear. We conducted a 3D Fitts’ law study using ray-casting under varying flash timings and durations. Results show flashing significantly increases task completion time and perceived workload (NASA-TLX) while decreasing throughput, though error rates remain unaffected. The selection process still follows Fitts’ law. We enhanced the model by adding flash duration as a factor, achieving better fitting. Furthermore, a logistic regression model quantifies user selection strategies based on task difficulty, flash duration, and timing. These findings offer concrete guidelines for designing visual effects in VR interactive scenarios.