Computational Modeling of Climate Change with Temperature, Rainfall and Carbon Interactions Using Euler's Method

Abstract Climate change remains a major global challenge due to its complex interactions involving temperature variability, rainfall fluctuations, and increasing carbon emissions. Understanding these interactions is essential for predicting climate behavior and developing effective mitigation strategies. This study presents a computational model for climate change incorporating temperature–rainfall–carbon interactions using Euler’s method. The model is formulated as a system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations describing the dynamic relationships among temperature variation, rainfall distribution, and atmospheric carbon concentration. Euler’s numerical method is employed to obtain approximate solutions of the governing equations and simulate the temporal evolution of the climate system under varying parameter conditions. The model is implemented in MATLAB, and the results are presented graphically to illustrate the influence of carbon emissions and weather interactions on climate dynamics. Numerical simulations are used to analyze the effects of key model parameters on system behavior and stability. The results show that variations in carbon concentration significantly influence temperature and rainfall patterns, while the interactions among the climate variables affect the long-term evolution of the system. The study demonstrates that Euler’s method provides an effective computational tool for simulating nonlinear climate dynamics and that mathematical modeling offers a useful framework for understanding climate change processes. The proposed model provides potential applications in climate prediction, environmental planning, and further research in climate dynamics.