ON THE ISSUE OF COMPLICATIONS OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION

Subject. The subject of this study is postoperative complications of dental implantation, including an analysis of their causes, pathogenetic mechanisms of development, and clinical consequences for the patient. Objectives. The aim of this study is to examine the evolution of the analysis of clinical and technological aspects of postoperative complications of dental implantation, based on a review of modern Russian and international literature and the historical perspective of the problem under consideration. Methodology. A patent information search was performed in the following databases: the Scientific and Medical Library of Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, eLIBRARY, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Original literature was searched using keywords. Forty-three sources were analyzed (30 Russian and 13 international). Results. This article presents an analytical literature review on the topic under consideration. The causes of mucositis and peri-implantitis are described and systematized from a clinical perspective. Key groups of etiological factors have been identified, including iatrogenic errors, violations of implant installation protocols, inadequate choice of prosthesis design and insufficient hygienic care. Both early and late complications of dental implantation are considered. Conclusions. Based on an analytical review of domestic and international literature, the author presents a systematization of postoperative complications of dental implantation based on a detailed analysis of their causes. It is found that the key etiological factors are iatrogenic errors, violations of implant placement protocols, inadequate prosthesis design, and inadequate hygienic care of the dental implant, necessitating comprehensive preventive measures. The proposed classification can be used to optimize complication prevention protocols and improve the long-term survival of dental implants.