Theoretical design and evaluation of the regenerative blower for PEMFC vehicles

Purpose Unlike conventional pumps and blowers, regenerative flow machines lack standardized design handbooks for automotive PEMFC applications.We are concerned with the theoretical design and performance evaluation method for the regenerative blower. Design/methodology/approach This study developed a theoretical design and performance evaluation method for regenerative blowers used in automotive PEMFC systems. A practical design procedure was established using correlations for the flow coefficient and pressure coefficient supported by a momentum exchange theory. Furthermore this study focuses on the energy transfer mechanisms within regenerative blowers and their impact on the performance. Findings The theoretical predictions showed good agreement with both numerical simulations and experimental data. Furthermore, vortex dynamics analysis clarifies the energy transfer mechanism, showing that longitudinal vortices – indicating circulatory flow strength – govern energy exchange between the impeller and side channel. These flow structures enhance fluid mixing and are directly linked to higher pressure rise and efficiency. Originality/value The proposed method and conclusions are applicable to the initial design and performance evaluation of hydrogen regeneration blowers, offering a valuable reference for the engineering design of automotive PEMFC systems.