The effects of life-satisfaction and self-efficacy on job embeddedness among veterinary nursing

With the increasing specialization and expansion of animal hospitals, veterinary nurses have become key personnel influencing both clinical practice and management.This study examined the relationships among life satisfaction, self-efficacy, and job embeddedness in veterinary nurses.A survey was conducted with 99 participants using validated instruments to measure general characteristics, life satisfaction, self-efficacy, and job embeddedness.Reliability was high, with Cronbach's α values exceeding 0.90 for all variables.The mean scores indicated moderate to above-average levels (life satisfaction: 3.14±0.83,self-efficacy: 3.52±0.78,job embeddedness: 3.30±0.79).Goal attainment was the highest subfactor of self-efficacy, and organizational fit was the highest of job embeddedness, whereas organizational welfare and outlook were relatively low.Life satisfaction showed significant positive correlations with both self-efficacy and job embeddedness, and self-efficacy was also positively correlated with job embeddedness.Notably, life satisfaction had the strongest association with job embeddedness.These findings suggest that enhancing life satisfaction and self-efficacy is essential to improving job embeddedness among veterinary nurses.Organizational efforts should focus on welfare improvement, career development, education, and psychological support.