<scp>AI</scp> ‐Assisted Scientific Figures in Scholarly Publishing: A Risk‐Based Taxonomy by Evidentiary Function

Summary AI‐assisted figures should be assessed by what they claim to represent, not by AI use alone. Existing AI‐image policies may not offer enough granularity for diverse figure types in scholarly publishing. The taxonomy classifies figures as explanatory, analytical, simulated, or evidentiary. Each figure type carries distinct integrity risks and requires proportionate editorial safeguards. Figure‐level classification could improve disclosure, auditability, labeling, and preservation of original observations.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Learned Publishing
Published
2026-06-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/leap.2085
Primary Topic
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

AI ‐Assisted Scientific Figures in Scholarly Publishing: A Risk‐Based Taxonomy by Evidentiary Function

Malcolm Koo, Ming‐Chi Lu
Learned Publishing
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
article

AI ‐Assisted Scientific Figures in Scholarly Publishing: A Risk‐Based Taxonomy by Evidentiary Function

Malcolm Koo, Ming‐Chi Lu
article en

Abstract

Summary AI‐assisted figures should be assessed by what they claim to represent, not by AI use alone. Existing AI‐image policies may not offer enough granularity for diverse figure types in scholarly publishing. The taxonomy classifies figures as explanatory, analytical, simulated, or evidentiary. Each figure type carries distinct integrity risks and requires proportionate editorial safeguards. Figure‐level classification could improve disclosure, auditability, labeling, and preservation of original observations.

Learned PublishingVol. 39(3)
University of Toronto (CA), Tzu Chi University (TW), Public Health Ontario (CA), Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 9%
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.