Ovarian and fallopian tube yolk sac tumor in postmenopausal patient: Case report and review of literature

Introduction: Ovarian yolk sac tumors are uncommon malignant germ cell neoplasms that occur predominantly in young women. Their occurrence in postmenopausal women is exceedingly rare. Elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) remains the key diagnostic and surveillance marker. Case Report: A 58-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with bleeding, abdominal pain, and dyspnea. Imaging revealed a large left adnexal mass with AFP of 2062 ng/mL. Surgical cytoreduction confirmed an International federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage II yolk sac tumor involving the left ovary and right fallopian tube with omental implants. Postoperative AFP normalized, and the patient has undergone adjuvant BEP chemotherapy and remains under clinical surveillance. Conclusion: This case highlights a rare presentation of ovarian yolk sac tumor in a postmenopausal patient with involvement of the contralateral fallopian tube, a combination that, to our knowledge, has been described only in isolated cases in the literature. Germ cell tumors should be included in the differential diagnosis of adnexal masses in older women, particularly when APF is elevated, and multidisciplinary management is essential to optimize outcomes.