Farm-to-Market Roads' Implementation, Perceived Benefits, Encountered Difficulties and Residents' Satisfaction in Conflict-Affected Barangays of Tangub City

Abstract. Farm-to-Market Road projects have been widely promoted as development interventions that enhance rural accessibility, agricultural productivity, and socio-economic conditions in conflict-affected communities. However, limited empirical evidence exists regarding how local residents perceive the implementation, benefits, and outcomes of these projects and how such perceptions influence their overall satisfaction. This study examines how such infrastructure initiatives are implemented and experienced by local communities, and critically analyzes the extent to which perceived benefits and implementation outcomes shape residents’ satisfaction in four conflict-affected barangays of Tangub City. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed. Data were collected from 334 residents using a researcher-developed questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and linear regression. Results revealed that the FMR project was moderately implemented and perceived as highly beneficial, with encountered difficulties reported as less evident. Residents expressed a satisfactory level of satisfaction. Correlation results show moderate positive relationships between project implementation and perceived benefits with residents’ satisfaction, while encountered difficulties exhibited no significant relationship. Regression analysis further showed that project implementation and perceived benefits significantly predicted residents’ satisfaction. The findings suggest that residents’ satisfaction is primarily influenced by the quality of project implementation and the tangible benefits derived from the infrastructure. The study concludes that Farm-to-Market Road projects contribute positively to community perceptions and local development outcomes. Strengthening implementation practices and maximizing community benefits may further enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of infrastructure interventions in conflict-affected areas. Keywords: Farm-to-Market Road; NTF-ELCAC; Project Implementation; Residents’ Satisfaction; Rural Infrastructure