Interaction model of client health behavior-based nursing intervention improves outcomes in patients with pressure injury: A quasi-experimental study

Pressure injury (PI) prevention requires sustained nursing behaviors from patients, caregivers, and nurses. This single-center quasi-experimental, non-randomized, non-equivalent control group study enrolled 60 inpatients with PI or high PI risk from June 2022 to June 2023, allocated by admission period to routine care or Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior-based nursing for 3 months. Outcomes were assessed using a caregiver PI knowledge questionnaire, the Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74, dynamic observation of new PI, the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH), and a nursing satisfaction scale. Data were analyzed using t tests, rank-sum tests, chi-square tests, or Fisher's exact tests as appropriate. Baseline characteristics were comparable. After 3 months, the intervention group had higher caregiver knowledge scores than the control group (31.90 ± 5.24 vs. 26.37 ± 6.85, P = 0.001) and higher social, physical, and material function scores (all P < 0.001). New PI incidence was lower in the intervention group (3.33% vs. 26.67%, Fisher's exact P = 0.026). Improvement/healing did not differ significantly at 1 month (60.00% vs. 40.00%, P = 0.196), but was higher at 3 months (93.33% vs. 60.00%, Fisher's exact P = 0.005). Satisfaction scores were also higher (all P < 0.001). IMCHB-based nursing may support sustained PI prevention and wound outcomes, although larger randomized studies are needed.