Export operations under sanctions: strategies for diversification and search for new markets

The article examines strategies for adapting Russian export operations to the conditions of sanctions restrictions that have formed a new reality of international trade. Based on the analysis of data on the transformation of the commodity and geographical structure of Russian exports, including a turn to friendly countries (86% share by the end of 2025), key challenges and instruments of diversification are considered. Special attention is paid to mechanisms for selecting target markets, regulatory barriers (Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, export control, currency regulation) and logistical solutions, including the restructuring of supply routes in the oil and gas sector and non-commodity trade. Based on empirical data, two tables are presented that characterize the dynamics and structure of exports in the new conditions. The conclusion is made about the transition from a mass export model to a niche strategy based on the unification of supply and deep adaptation to the requirements of local markets.