The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Value of Micro-RNA in Parkinson’s Disease

The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains incompletely understood, and effective early diagnostic biomarkers and disease-modifying therapies are lacking. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression involved in key pathological processes of PD, including neuronal apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation. Recent evidence suggests that dysregulated miRNAs expression contributes significantly to PD progression and may serve as minimally invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis. Furthermore, miRNA-based therapeutic strategies offer promising avenues for targeting disease-related molecular pathways. This review summarizes the mechanistic roles of miRNAs in PD pathogenesis and highlights their potential clinical applications in diagnosis and therapy.